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	Status of indoor air pollution (IAP) through particulate matter (PM) emissions and associated health concerns in South Asia
	Junaid, Muhammad1,2,3; Syed, Jabir Hussain4,5; Abbasi, Naeem Akhtar3; Hashmi, Muhammad Zaffar4; Malik, Riffat Naseem3; Pei, De-Sheng1
	2018
摘要	Exposure to particulate emissions poses a variety of public health concerns worldwide, specifically in developing countries. This review summarized the documented studies on indoor particulate matter (PM) emissions and their major health concerns in South Asia. Reviewed literature illustrated the alarming levels of indoor air pollution (IAP) in India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh, while Sri Lanka and Bhutan are confronted with relatively lower levels, albeit not safe. To our knowledge, data on this issue are absent from Afghanistan and Maldives. We found that the reported levels of PM10 and PM2.5 in Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India were 2-65, 3-30, 4-22, 2-28 and 1-139, 2-180, 3-77, 1-40 fold higher than WHO standards for indoor PM10 (50 mu g/m(3)) and PM2.5 (25 mu g/m(3)), respectively. Regarding IAP-mediated health concerns, mortality rates and incidences of respiratory and non-respiratory diseases were increasing with alarming rates, specifically in India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh. The major cause might be the reliance of approximately 80% population on conventional biomass burning in the region. Current review also highlighted the prospects of IAP reduction strategies, which in future can help to improve the status of indoor air quality and public health in South Asia. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词	Biomass burning Hazard function Health impacts Indoor air quality Particulate matter
DOI	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.097
发表期刊	CHEMOSPHERE
ISSN	0045-6535
卷号	191页码:651-663
收录类别	SCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000418208000074
语种	英语