中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院机构知识库

Research and development of water lock inhibiting measures is very crucial in verifying the link mechanism between the internal factors of water lock and its extent of damage. Based on conventional water-lock physics experiments, however, only the consequence of macro water lock damage can be investigated, while the microscopic mechanism cannot be studied. In this paper, 3D digital cores of low-permeability sandstones were prepared by means of high-resolution micro-CT scan, and their equivalent pore network model was built as well. Virtual "imbibition" experiments controlled by capillary force were carried out by using pore-scale flow simulation. Then the link mechanism between the microscopic internal factors (e.g. wettability, water saturation and pore-throat structure parameters) and the water-lock damage degree was discussed. It is shown that the damage degree of water lock reduces gradually as the wettability transits from water wet to gas wet. Therefore, the water lock damage can be reduced effectively and gas-well productivity can be improved so long as the capillary environment is changed from strong water wettability to weak gas wettability. The more different the initial water saturation is from the irreducible water saturation, the more serious the water lock damage is. The damage degree of water lock is in a negative correlation with the coordinate number, but a positive correlation with the pore-throat ratio. Based on the existing research results, water lock tends to form in the formations composed of medium-sized throats. It is concluded that there is a critical throat radius, at which the water lock is the most serious. © 2016, Natural Gas Industry Journal Agency. All right reserved.

探明水锁内在因素与损害程度之间的联系机制对水锁抑制措施的研发至关重要,但常规的水锁物理实验只能研究宏观水锁损害后的结果,而无法探讨其微观机理。为此,通过高分辨率微CT扫描构建了低渗透砂岩三维数字岩心,并建立了与之等价的孔隙网络模型,利用孔隙级流动模拟开展了由毛细管力控制的虚拟“自吸”实验,探讨了润湿性、含水饱和度、孔喉结构参数等微观内在因素与水锁损害程度的联系机制。结果表明:①润湿性从水湿依次过渡到气湿,水锁损害程度逐渐减轻,只要将强水湿毛细管环境转变为弱气湿,就能有效地减轻水锁损害,提高气井产能;②初始含水饱和度与束缚水饱和度之间差异越大,水锁损害越严重;③水锁损害程度与配位数呈负相关关系,而与孔喉比呈正相关关系;④在现有研究条件下,由中等尺寸喉道组成的地层更容易水锁。结论认为,存在一个临界喉道半径使得水锁最为严重。