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	Defect engineering on electrocatalysts for sustainable nitrate reduction to ammonia: Fundamentals and regulations
	Fang, Ling1; Lu, Shun1; Wang, Sha1,2; Yang, Xiaohui1; Song, Cheng1; Yin, Fengjun1; Liu, Hong1
	2024-01-30
摘要	Electrocatalytic nitrate (NO3-) reduction to ammonia (NH3) is a "two birds-one stone" method that targets remediation of NO3--containing sewage and production of valuable NH3. The exploitation of advanced catalysts with high activity, selectivity, and durability is a key issue for the efficient catalytic performance. Among various strategies for catalyst design, defect engineering has gained increasing attention due to its ability to modulate the electronic properties of electrocatalysts and optimize the adsorption energy of reactive species, thereby enhancing the catalytic performance. Despite previous progress, there remains a lack of mechanistic insights into the regulation of catalyst defects for NO3- reduction. Herein, this review presents insightful understanding of defect engineering for NO3- reduction, covering its background, definition, classification, construction, and underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the relationships between regulation of catalyst defects and their catalytic activities are illustrated by investigating the properties of electrocatalysts through the analysis of electronic band structure, charge density distribution, and controllable adsorption energy. Furthermore, challenges and perspectives for future development of defects in NO3RR are also discussed, which can help researchers to better understand the defect engineering in catalysts, and also inspire scientists entering into this promising field. Defect engineering holds tremendous potential for improving the electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia through the precise modulation of the electronic and geometric structures of catalysts. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in defect engineering for nitrate reduction, while also highlighting promising unexplored avenues for further progress in this field. image
关键词	Adsorption energy Defect engineering Electrocatalysis Electronic properties Nitrate reduction reaction
DOI	10.1002/chem.202303249
发表期刊	CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
ISSN	0947-6539
页码	19
通讯作者	Yin, Fengjun(yinfengjun@cigit.ac.cn) ; Liu, Hong(liuhong@cigit.ac.cn)
收录类别	SCI
WOS记录号	WOS:001152178900001
语种	英语