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New insights into external layers of cyanobacteria and microalgae based on multiscale analysis of AFM force-distance curves
Xiao, Yan1,2; Cheng, Yuran1,2; He, Pan1,2; Wu, Xinghua3; Li, Zhe1,2
2021-06-20
摘要External layers, the outermost structures around cells, perform essential eco-physiological functions to support cyanobacteria and microalgae in aquatic environments. These layers have been recognized as adaptations to turbulence, a ubiquitous and inherent physical process occurring in the environments of most cyanobacteria and microalgae. However, the underlying biophysical mechanism of these layers is still poorly understood. Force measurements were performed directly on the external layers of eight living cyanobacterial and green algal strains in situ using atomic force microscopy (AFM). We developed a wavelet analysis method based on a multiscale decomposition of derivative force-distance curves to quantify the elastic responses of various external layers upon mechanical deformation. Such analysis has the advantages of detecting singularities and distinguishing the biomechanical contributions of each external layer. The elastic modulus of the same type of external layer follows the same statistical distribution. However, the elastic response among different types of external layers is challenged by our method, indicating the heterogeneity of the mechanical properties of inner and outer layers in multilayer strains. This discrepancy was due to the thickness and texture of each external layer, especially the chemical presence of ribose, hydroxyproline and glutamic acid. This study highlights a new way to elucidate more precise information about external layers and provides a biophysical mechanistic explanation for the functioning of the various external layers to protect cyanobacterial and microalgal cells in a turbulent environment. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词Atomic force microscopy Biomechanical properties Cyanobacteria and microalgae External layers Wavelet decomposition
DOI10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145680
发表期刊SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
ISSN0048-9697
卷号774页码:11
通讯作者Li, Zhe(lizhe@cigit.ac.cn)
收录类别SCI
WOS记录号WOS:000641369700005
语种英语