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Hierarchical Structures and Mechanical Performances of Semicrystalline Polymer Parts Fabricated by Means of Fused Deposition Modeling
Gao, Xia1; Qi, Shun-xin2,3; Su, Yun-lan2,3; Li, Jing1,3; Wang, Du-jin2,3
2020-11-01
摘要Fused deposition modeling (FDM) as the most common additive manufacturing technique, is a revolutionary processing method for polymer materials. FDM technique can build complicated and multifunctional components by selectively depositing one or two kinds of polymer materials layer-by-layer according to the predetermined paths. Further, the recent development of polymer nanocomposites and printing devices has broadened the applicability of FDM technique to fabricate lightweight, customized and multifunctional products for medical, electronics, aerospace and automotive areas. Although the ability to fabricate end-use products is expanding, the evolution of FDM into a fully manufacture tool is limited by several challenges including narrow material selection, weak interlayer bond and poor surface quality. In order to acquire a good knowledge of the processing-structure-performance relationship for polymer parts fabricated by FDM technique, this review firstly analyses the stringent requirements for polymer materials compatible with FDM platform, then provides a comprehensive overview on the crystallization kinetics, hierarchical structures as well as the mechanical performance of FDM-printed parts. For semicrystalline polymer materials, high shear and extension field in the nozzle is found to accelerate the crystallization kinetics and induce oriented structures and shish-kebab morphology. In this sense, FDM-printed parts can achieve mechanical properties superior to their counterparts by means of injection molding. However, the intrinsic layer-wise deposition in conjunction with non-isothermal profile during a typical FDM process tend to introduce weak bond interfaces as well as residual stresses in FDM-printed parts, leading to anisotropic mechanical properties and serious dimensional errors. This in turn puts complicated requirements for polymer materials for FDM platform, including good feeding properties (e.g. elastic modulus E/melt viscosity eta larger than 3.24 x 10(5 )s(-1)) and excellent printing properties (e.g. low coefficient of thermal expansion and appropriate melt viscosity). Recent efforts suggest that adding organic/inorganic additives to physically modified polymer materials is a simple and effective way to overcome both limited variety of semicrystalline materials and weak interlayer bond issues for FDM technique. In the near future, polymer composites should be well designed and screened to fit for FDM platform and also the processing-structureproperty relationship for FDM-printed parts should be explored in detail so as to obtain polymer articles with excellent properties and meet the growing requirements from various areas.
关键词Fused deposition modeling Semi-crystalline polymers Hierarchical structures Mechanical anisotropy
DOI10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20154
发表期刊ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA
卷号51期号:11页码:1214-1226
通讯作者Gao, Xia(gaoxia@cigit.ac.cn) ; Su, Yun-lan(ylsu@iccas.ac.cn)
收录类别SCI
WOS记录号WOS:000580620000004
语种英语